{"id":29251,"date":"2025-10-09T09:56:24","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T13:56:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.americanonewspaper.com\/es\/?p=29251"},"modified":"2025-10-09T11:54:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T15:54:52","slug":"un-estudio-revela-por-que-hombres-y-fumadores-tienen-mayor-riesgo-de-cancer-de-vejiga","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.americanonewspaper.com\/es\/fifa\/barcelona\/un-estudio-revela-por-que-hombres-y-fumadores-tienen-mayor-riesgo-de-cancer-de-vejiga\/","title":{"rendered":"Un estudio revela por qu\u00e9 hombres y fumadores tienen mayor riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de vejiga"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Barcelona, (EFE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un estudio sobre procesos biol\u00f3gicos en el tejido a\u00fan sano de la vejiga revela por qu\u00e9 el tabaco y ser hombre son dos factores que incrementan el riesgo de padecer un tumor en este \u00f3rgano.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El estudio, publicado este mi\u00e9rcoles en la revista Nature, lo han liderado investigadores del IRB Barcelona y de la Universidad de Washington.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seg\u00fan ha informado el IRB, la investigaci\u00f3n demuestra que el tabaco y el sexo biol\u00f3gico (masculino) influyen en c\u00f3mo evolucionan las c\u00e9lulas normales del tejido sano de la vejiga, favoreciendo la expansi\u00f3n de algunas c\u00e9lulas mutadas que podr\u00edan ser determinantes en el desarrollo del c\u00e1ncer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Los varones, principales afectados <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El c\u00e1ncer de vejiga es uno de los m\u00e1s frecuentes en todo el mundo y afecta sobre todo a los varones, pues tienen aproximadamente cuatro veces m\u00e1s probabilidades de desarrollarlo que las mujeres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El tabaco es el principal factor de riesgo ambiental conocido de este c\u00e1ncer, ya que su consumo se asocia a una mayor incidencia de los tumores de vejiga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sin embargo, los mecanismos biol\u00f3gicos que explican estas diferencias por tabaquismo y por sexo biol\u00f3gico todav\u00eda no est\u00e1n claros. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Como el c\u00e1ncer puede tardar d\u00e9cadas en desarrollarse, los investigadores de IRB y de la Universidad de Washington decidieron estudiar el tejido sano para entender las primeras fases de la enfermedad y, con ello, mejorar la predicci\u00f3n del riesgo, la prevenci\u00f3n y el diagn\u00f3stico precoz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El equipo, liderado por los investigadores del IRB N\u00faria L\u00f3pez-Bigas y Abel Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez, junto con la doctora Rosana Risques de la Universidad de Washington, analizaron muestras de tejido de vejiga de 45 donantes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gracias a una nueva aproximaci\u00f3n, pudieron detectar y cuantificar miles de mutaciones que son invisibles para las actuales t\u00e9cnicas de secuenciaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Los investigadores observaron claras diferencias en la arquitectura clonal del tejido de la vejiga entre hombres y mujeres. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En los donantes masculinos, ciertas mutaciones en genes relacionados con el c\u00e1ncer mostraron una ventaja evolutiva, lo que significa que los clones que las portaban tend\u00edan a expandirse incluso en tejido sano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mutaciones por el tabaco<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En cuanto al tabaco, observaron que los donantes mayores de 55 a\u00f1os que hab\u00edan fumado presentaban una alta frecuencia de mutaciones en el promotor del gen TERT, un elemento del ADN que permite a las c\u00e9lulas evitar el envejecimiento y seguir dividi\u00e9ndose. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En este sentido, el estudio aporta pruebas de que el tabaco no solo act\u00faa como un mut\u00e1gen (que provoca nuevas mutaciones), sino tambi\u00e9n como un promotor clonal, es decir, que facilita la expansi\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas con mutaciones ya existentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Es la primera vez que estos efectos se observan directamente en tejido sano de la vejiga y no en tumores, lo que aporta nuevos conocimientos sobre las etapas m\u00e1s tempranas del desarrollo del c\u00e1ncer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los resultados abren tambi\u00e9n la puerta a futuras aplicaciones, como por ejemplo medir los clones en expansi\u00f3n en la vejiga, lo que podr\u00eda contribuir al desarrollo de herramientas de predicci\u00f3n de riesgo y detecci\u00f3n precoz mediante an\u00e1lisis de orina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Barcelona, (EFE). Un estudio sobre procesos biol\u00f3gicos en el tejido a\u00fan sano de la vejiga revela por qu\u00e9 el tabaco y ser hombre son dos factores que incrementan el riesgo de padecer un tumor en este \u00f3rgano.\u00a0 El estudio, publicado este mi\u00e9rcoles en la revista Nature, lo han liderado investigadores del IRB Barcelona y de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":29252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[910,1335,1302,1334],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-29251","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-barcelona","8":"category-cancer-de-vejiga","9":"category-estudio-medico","10":"category-fumadores"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUn estudio revela por qu\u00e9 hombres y fumadores tienen mayor riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de vejiga - 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