{"id":24097,"date":"2024-12-09T21:55:49","date_gmt":"2024-12-10T02:55:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.americanonewspaper.com\/es\/?p=24097"},"modified":"2024-12-09T21:55:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T02:55:52","slug":"bacteria-que-soporta-la-radiacion-extrema","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.americanonewspaper.com\/es\/bacterias\/bacteria-que-soporta-la-radiacion-extrema\/","title":{"rendered":"Bacteria que soporta la radiaci\u00f3n extrema"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Redacci\u00f3n Ciencia, 9 dic (EFE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deinococcus radiodurans, apodada la ‘bacteria Conan’, tolera dosis de radiaci\u00f3n miles de veces superiores a las que matar\u00edan a un ser humano, y a cualquier otro organismo. Ahora, su estudio ha inspirado a un equipo de cient\u00edficos para desarrollar un potente antioxidante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El secreto de su incre\u00edble resistencia es la presencia de un conjunto de metabolitos simples que, combinados con el manganeso, forman un potente antioxidante que un equipo de qu\u00edmicos de la Northwestern University y la Uniformed Services University (USU) ha descubierto c\u00f3mo funciona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el estudio, los investigadores caracterizaron un antioxidante sint\u00e9tico de dise\u00f1o, denominado MDP y compuesto por iones de manganeso, fosfato y un peque\u00f1o p\u00e9ptido, que forman un complejo ternario que es un protector mucho m\u00e1s potente contra la radiaci\u00f3n que el manganeso combinado con cualquiera de los otros componentes por separado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este descubrimiento podr\u00eda dar lugar a nuevos antioxidantes sint\u00e9ticos espec\u00edficamente adaptados a la protecci\u00f3n de los astronautas frente a la intensa radiaci\u00f3n c\u00f3smica, la preparaci\u00f3n para emergencias radiol\u00f3gicas o la producci\u00f3n de vacunas inactivadas por radiaci\u00f3n, entre otras aplicaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Los detalles del estudio se publican este lunes en la revista Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Es este complejo ternario el magn\u00edfico escudo de la MDP contra los efectos de la radiaci\u00f3n”, afirma Brian Hoffman, de Northwestern, experto en Deinococcus radiodurans y codirector del estudio junto a Michael Daly, de la USU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Hace tiempo que sabemos que los iones de manganeso y el fosfato juntos forman un potente antioxidante, pero descubrir y comprender la potencia ‘m\u00e1gica’ que proporciona la adici\u00f3n del tercer componente es un gran avance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Este estudio ha proporcionado la clave para entender por qu\u00e9 esta combinaci\u00f3n es un radioprotector tan potente -y prometedor”, concluye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u00f1os de estudios previos<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El nuevo estudio se basa en investigaciones anteriores de la colaboraci\u00f3n de Hoffman y Daly, en las que analizaron la capacidad prevista del Deinococcus radiodurans para resistir la radiaci\u00f3n en Marte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Reclame $1000 descuento mencionando este anuncio.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

En esa investigaci\u00f3n, el equipo midi\u00f3 la acumulaci\u00f3n de antioxidantes de manganeso en las c\u00e9lulas de los microbios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seg\u00fan Hoffman y Daly, la dosis de radiaci\u00f3n a la que puede sobrevivir un microorganismo o sus esporas est\u00e1 directamente correlacionada con la cantidad de antioxidantes de manganeso que contiene; en otras palabras, m\u00e1s antioxidantes de manganeso significan m\u00e1s resistencia a la radiaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En estudios anteriores, otros investigadores descubrieron que Deinococcus radiodurans puede sobrevivir a 25.000 grays (o unidades de rayos X y gamma).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pero, en su estudio de 2022, Hoffman y Daly descubrieron que la bacteria -desecada y congelada- pod\u00eda resistir 140.000 grays de radiaci\u00f3n, una dosis 28.000 veces superior a la que matar\u00eda a un ser humano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As\u00ed que, si hay alg\u00fan microbio dormido y congelado enterrado en Marte, posiblemente podr\u00eda haber sobrevivido hasta hoy a los embates de la radiaci\u00f3n c\u00f3smica gal\u00e1ctica y los protones solares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El poder de tres<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bas\u00e1ndose en sus esfuerzos por comprender la resistencia a la radiaci\u00f3n del microbio, el equipo investig\u00f3 un decap\u00e9ptido de dise\u00f1o llamado DP1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Combinado con fosfato y manganeso, el DP1 forma el MDP, un agente antirradicales libres que protege con \u00e9xito las c\u00e9lulas y las prote\u00ednas contra los da\u00f1os de la radiaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En otro estudio reciente, Daly y sus colaboradores descubrieron que la MDP es eficaz en la preparaci\u00f3n de vacunas polivalentes irradiadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mediante espectroscopia de resonancia paramagn\u00e9tica avanzada, el equipo revel\u00f3 que el ingrediente activo de la MDP es un complejo ternario, un ensamblaje preciso de fosfato y p\u00e9ptido unidos a manganeso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Esta nueva comprensi\u00f3n de la MDP podr\u00eda conducir al desarrollo de antioxidantes basados en el manganeso a\u00fan m\u00e1s potentes para aplicaciones en la atenci\u00f3n sanitaria, la industria, la defensa y la exploraci\u00f3n espacial”, resume Daly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Redacci\u00f3n Ciencia, 9 dic (EFE). Deinococcus radiodurans, apodada la ‘bacteria Conan’, tolera dosis de radiaci\u00f3n miles de veces superiores a las que matar\u00edan a un ser humano, y a cualquier otro organismo. Ahora, su estudio ha inspirado a un equipo de cient\u00edficos para desarrollar un potente antioxidante. El secreto de su incre\u00edble resistencia es la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":24098,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[876,877],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24097","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bacterias","8":"category-radiacion"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBacteria que soporta la radiaci\u00f3n extrema - Americano Newspaper<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Deinococcus radiodurans, apodada la 'bacteria Conan', tolera dosis de radiaci\u00f3n miles de veces superiores a las que matar\u00edan a un ser humano, y a cualquier otro organismo. 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